Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a major surgical procedure that restores blood flow to ischemic myocardium by creating bypass channels using Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) and saphenous vein grafts.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
Clinical Overview & Disease Information
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a major surgical procedure that restores blood flow to ischemic myocardium by creating bypass channels using Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) and saphenous vein grafts.
Signs & Symptoms
- • Angina chest tightness during exertion
- • Shortness of breath climbing stairs
- • Unexplained upper body fatigue
- • Crushing chest pain radiating to left arm, neck, or jaw
- • Palpitations and irregular heartbeats
- • Severe shortness of breath at rest
- • Cold sweats and dizziness
- • Sudden severe retrosternal chest pain lasting > 15 mins
- • Syncope / Sudden loss of consciousness
- • Acute cardiogenic breathlessness with frothy sputum
Causes & Risk Factors
Primary Causes & Etiology
- Coronary Atherosclerosis & plaque accumulation
- Hyperlipidemia & elevated LDL cholesterol
- Hypertension & Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Heavy tobacco smoking
Who is at Higher Risk?
- Adults over 50 years of age
- Diabetic patients with multi-vessel CAD
- Smokers with family history of premature CAD
Diagnostic Evaluation & Testing
| Diagnostic Test | Clinical Purpose / What It Shows |
|---|---|
| Coronary Angiography (CAG) | Gold standard visualization of coronary artery stenosis percentage |
| 2D Echocardiography (ECHO) | Evaluates Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and wall motion abnormalities |
Comprehensive Treatment Options
Minimally Invasive: Off-Pump Beating Heart CABG (OPCAB)
Bypass grafting performed without stopping the heart or using a heart-lung machine.
Surgical: On-Pump Conventional CABG with LIMA Graft
Gold-standard surgical revascularization for multi-vessel CAD and left main disease.
Advanced Medical Technologies Available in Partner Hospitals
Possible Complications If Untreated
Recovery Timeline, Diet & Lifestyle Care
Recovery Timeline
| Procedure / Stage | Expected Recovery Duration |
|---|---|
| ICU Monitoring & Extubation | 24 to 48 hours |
| Step-down Ward Mobilization | 4 to 6 days |
| Sternal Healing & Cardiac Rehab | 6 to 8 weeks |
Recommended Post-Treatment Diet
- Low sodium DASH cardiac diet (< 2g/day)
- Zero trans fats and saturated oils
- High fiber oats, legumes, and walnuts
Essential Lifestyle Changes
- Daily 30-minute supervised cardiac walk
- Complete smoking cessation
- Daily BP and blood glucose tracking
Prevention & Long-Term Health
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does a CABG bypass graft last?
LIMA grafts have a 95% 20-year patency rate while saphenous vein grafts last 10-15 years.
Top Recommended Specialists Available
Dr. Mukesh Kumar Gupta
Head - Critical Care (Unit III) & Heart & Lung Transplant
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Dr. Biswarup Purkayastha
Consultant – Heart & Lung Transplant and Vascular Surgery
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Dr. Sameer Mehrotra
Unit Chief - Interventional Cardiology & Electrophysiology
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Dr. Mukesh Kumar Gupta
Head - Critical Care (Unit III) & Heart & Lung Transplant Team
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Dr. Rajesh Misra
Chairperson - Department of Anaesthesia & Perioperative Medicine
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Dr. Shubhra Shri Gupta
Principal Consultant - Neonatology & Incharge - Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care
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Global Cost Comparison Matrix
| Procedure | USA (Avg) | India (ISG) | Turkey (Avg) | Thailand (Avg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) | $90,000 | $6,800 | $12,000 | $15,000 |
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Get Free Treatment EstimateCommonly Prescribed Medications
- Aspirin 75mg + Clopidogrel 75mg
- Atorvastatin 40mg
- Metoprolol Succinate 25mg
- Ramipril 2.5mg
International Patient Guide
- Valid Passport & Indian Medical Visa
- Coronary Angiography CD & Report
- Previous Cardiac Prescriptions